How to Plant Cissus quadrangularis for Medicinal Use

 How to Plant Cissus quadrangularis for Medicinal Use

Cissus quadrangularis plant

Cissus quadrangularis, commonly known as Hadjod, Veldt Grape, or Devil's Backbone, is a medicinal plant valued for its bone-healing, anti-inflammatory, and digestive benefits. Native to tropical regions of India and Africa, this succulent vine is easy to grow and maintain in warm climates. Whether for home gardening, herbal medicine, or commercial cultivation, understanding how to plant and care for Cissus quadrangularis ensures a sustainable and potent source of this therapeutic herb.

1. Climate and Growing Conditions:

Cissus quadrangularis thrives in warm, tropical to subtropical climates. It prefers full sun to partial shade and well-drained soil. The drought-tolerant plant can withstand dry conditions but performs best with moderate watering. Ideal growing temperatures range from 20°C to 35°C (68°F to 95°F), and it cannot tolerate frost.

2. Soil Preparation:

Although Cissus quadrangularis can grow in a variety of soil types, it does best in sandy loam or loamy soil enriched with organic matter. The soil should be well-draining to prevent root rot. You can improve soil quality by mixing compost or aged manure into the top 12 inches of soil. A slightly acidic to neutral pH (around 6.0 to 7.5) is optimal for healthy growth.

Cissus quadrangularis plants

3. Propagation:

The most common and effective method of propagation is through stem cuttings. Here’s how to do it:

Step-by-Step Guide to Propagation:

1. Select healthy stems: Choose a mature, disease-free stem from an existing Cissus quadrangularis plant. The stem should be about 6–8 inches long with at least 3–4 nodes.
2. Prepare the cuttings: Cut the stem at a 45-degree angle using a clean, sharp knife or pruning shears. Let the cuttings dry in the shade for 1–2 days to allow the cut ends to callous over, which helps prevent rot.
3. Planting the cuttings: Insert the cuttings 2–3 inches deep into moist, well-prepared soil or in small pots filled with a sandy potting mix. Keep the soil lightly moist but not soggy.
4. Rooting and growth: Place the planted cuttings in a warm, shaded area until new shoots appear, usually within 2–3 weeks. Once rooted, the plant can be transferred to its permanent location.

4. Planting and Spacing:

Once the cuttings have rooted and developed strong shoots, they can be planted in the ground or large containers. Space plants about 2 to 3 feet apart to allow ample room for growth and airflow. Since it is a climbing plant, it benefits from support structures like trellises, fences, or stakes.

5. Watering and Maintenance:

• Watering: Water the plant moderately. During the growing season (spring and summer), water it regularly but allow the soil to dry between watering sessions. In winter or cooler months, reduce watering.
• Fertilization: Fertilize once every 4–6 weeks during the growing season using a balanced organic fertilizer. Avoid over-fertilizing, as it can lead to excessive foliage with fewer medicinal components.
• Pruning: Trim back overgrown stems to encourage bushier growth and to keep the plant manageable. Pruning also helps to remove any diseased or dead parts.

6. Pest and Disease Management:

Cissus quadrangularis is relatively pest-resistant. However, occasional infestations by mealybugs or aphids may occur. These can be managed using neem oil or insecticidal soap. Avoid overwatering to prevent root rot and fungal infections.

7. Harvesting:

The medicinal part of the plant is the stem. Harvest mature stems when they become thick and fleshy, usually after 4–6 months of growth. Cut the stems carefully without damaging the base of the plant, allowing it to continue growing. The harvested stems can be used fresh or dried for medicinal preparations such as powders, teas, or extracts.

8. Storage:

If not used fresh, the stems should be washed, sliced, and sun-dried. Once fully dried, they can be stored in airtight containers in a cool, dry place for several months while retaining their medicinal potency.

Conclusion:

Growing Cissus quadrangularis is both practical and rewarding for those interested in herbal medicine and sustainable gardening. With minimal care, it offers a reliable source of natural remedies, especially for bone health and inflammation. By following these simple steps, you can cultivate this powerful healing plant in your garden and harness its time-tested therapeutic benefits.